PHILIPPOI - 2006
Informations Générales
Numéro de la notice
631
Année de l'opération
2006
Chronologie
Mots-clés
Sépulture - Figurine - Lampe - Monnaie - Parure/toilette - Sculpture - Métal - Os - Pierre - Verre - Nécropole
Nature de l'opération
Institution(s)
Localisation
Toponyme
Philippi, Krenides, Crenides
Philippi, Krenides, Crenides
Notices et opérations liées
Description
Philippoi. E cemetery. M. Nikolaidou, K. Amoiridou and I. Patera (ΙΗ' ΕΠΚΑ) report on rescue excavation conducted in 2006 on the land of V. Lazaridis in Krinides. Construction work initially uncovered an undisturbed Hel cist tomb made of well-cut marble slabs: inside was a large marble ossuary with lid, and the remaining area of the tomb contained 5 pyxides and 5 tear-bottles. Inside the ossuary, the cremated bones must have been wrapped in cloth: 4 gold olive leaves and one trefoil leaf survive, also a lamp and a pyxis. The tomb date is notable in a mostly Rom−ECh cemetery. Subsequent rescue excavation revealed 50 tombs of several periods, but with no evidence of sequence or planning.
The majority (38) are Rom (M1st−E2nd Ct AD): almost all are inhumations in cist and tile graves, with 2 cases of primary cremation (tombs 41 and 42). Tile graves (9) contain no goods and are mostly child burials. Cist graves (22) are mostly simple pits with unworked stone covers (there are 2 instances of reused inscribed grave stelae and one of a reused relief pediment also from a stele). The most significant of this group are: tomb 23 (adult male) with 6 bronze coins (4 of Philippoi and 2 of Trajan); tomb 35 (glass ring, bronze coin of Philippoi and a sestertius of Trajan); tomb 45 (bone and bronze jewellery, plate, lamp, 11 bronze coins on the body’s chest − 10 of Philippoi, one of Domitian − and 2 silver denarii of Trajan). Most of the remaining cists have no goods, or at most one or 2 coins or a lamp (including one from the workshop of FORTIS). In tomb 20, a coin of Trajan lay beneath the skeleton’s spine, but the grave also contained a coin of Thessaloniki dating 187−168 BC. In all cases, the head was raised higher than the feet, sometimes using a stone. Other Rom burials include the enchytrismos of a child, and 2 wood and 3 stone-lined cists. Among these cists, only the stone-lined tomb 38 had rich goods, including 11 coins which date the burial to the M1st Ct AD. Tomb 15 held an apparently simultaneous double burial in a large built cist with dressed marble blocks in secondary use, which contained 2 3rd Ct AD glass vessels. All along the S side of this tomb were skeletal remains from an earlier burial pushed aside: this burial had 2 tear-bottles, bronze jewellery and, under the later bodies,gold leaves and sheet, all of the 2nd half of the 2nd Ct BC.
Two further Hel tombs were found: one child burial had 3 terracotta figurines, a bg tear-bottle of the 1st half of the 2nd Ct BC and 3 terracotta fruits. The other, tomb 21, was particularly rich. A large marble cist tomb (2.1m x 0.78m) with monolithic sides and a large cover (2.45m x 1.28m x 0.13m) contained the burial of a young girl with a large collection of cosmetic equipment in pottery, silver, bone, bronze and glass. These included bronze implements, a bronze mirror with the depiction of a Nereid, 2 figurines of hermaphrodites, a large collection of jewellery (earrings, rings, diadems, etc.), the gold coin from the mouth of the deceased and rich gold ornament with stone inlay probably from her dress or from a large necklace in 3 tiers. Her dress had gold embroidery in the chest area (a garland and Herakles knot) and gold ornament attached elsewhere too. The finds date to the 1st half of the 2nd Ct BC. In the fill around the earlier graves were an inscribed marble funerary stele, small vessels, lamps, pottery and bronze coins mainly of Rom but also Hel date. It is likely that more Hel burials were destroyed by Rom activity.
Two further Hel tombs were found: one child burial had 3 terracotta figurines, a bg tear-bottle of the 1st half of the 2nd Ct BC and 3 terracotta fruits. The other, tomb 21, was particularly rich. A large marble cist tomb (2.1m x 0.78m) with monolithic sides and a large cover (2.45m x 1.28m x 0.13m) contained the burial of a young girl with a large collection of cosmetic equipment in pottery, silver, bone, bronze and glass. These included bronze implements, a bronze mirror with the depiction of a Nereid, 2 figurines of hermaphrodites, a large collection of jewellery (earrings, rings, diadems, etc.), the gold coin from the mouth of the deceased and rich gold ornament with stone inlay probably from her dress or from a large necklace in 3 tiers. Her dress had gold embroidery in the chest area (a garland and Herakles knot) and gold ornament attached elsewhere too. The finds date to the 1st half of the 2nd Ct BC. In the fill around the earlier graves were an inscribed marble funerary stele, small vessels, lamps, pottery and bronze coins mainly of Rom but also Hel date. It is likely that more Hel burials were destroyed by Rom activity.
Among the Hel and Rom graves were 4 pits of which 2 each contained a single vessel (similar sherds were found in the fill between later graves). These date to the LNeo and are currently unique in E Macedonia.
Auteur de la notice
Catherine MORGAN
Références bibliographiques
M. Nikolaidou, K. Amoiridou and I. Patera, AEMTh 20 (2006), 127−37 AD 61 (2006), B2, p. 989-994.
Légende graphique :
localisation de la fouille/de l'opération
localisation du toponyme
polygone du toponyme Chronique
Fonctionnalités de la carte :
sélectionner un autre fond de plan
se rapprocher ou s'éloigner de la zone
afficher la carte en plein écran
Date de création
2009-12-01 00:00:00
Dernière modification
2023-10-03 11:11:40